Which President Was Worse -- Lincoln or Obama?

Muad Dib · Sep 1, 2011

"For more than two years, Negroes have been extensively employed in belligerent operations by the Confederacy. They have been embodied and drilled as rebel soldiers and had paraded with white troops at a time when this would not have been tolerated in the armies of the Union."
---Horace Greeley

ehrie · Sep 1, 2011

Muad Dib said: ↑

You can't "disprove" a documented fact.
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I'm just going to link to the post about this pile of horseshit last time your spouted it.

http://wordforge.net/showpost.php?p=2138735&postcount=91

Muad Dib · Sep 1, 2011

LINK

Muad Dib · Sep 1, 2011

Black Confederates Fact Page
by Scott K. Williams (swcelt@stlnet.com)
Black Confederates - Why haven’t we heard more about them?

National Park Service historian, Ed Bearrs, stated, “I don’t want to call it a conspiracy to ignore the role of Blacks both above and below the Mason-Dixon line, but it was definitely a tendency that began around 1910” Historian, Erwin L. Jordan, Jr., calls it a “cover-up” which started back in 1865. He writes, “During my research, I came across instances where Black men stated they were soldiers, but you can plainly see where ‘soldier’ is crossed out and ‘body servant’ inserted, or ‘teamster’ on pension applications.” Another black historian, Roland Young, says he is not surprised that blacks fought. He explains that “…some, if not most, Black southerners would support their country” and that by doing so they were “demonstrating it’s possible to hate the system of slavery and love one’s country.” This is the very same reaction that most African Americans showed during the American Revolution, where they fought for the colonies, even though the British offered them freedom if they fought for them.

It has been estimated that over 65,000 Southern blacks were in the Confederate ranks. Over 13,000 of these, “saw the elephant” also known as meeting the enemy in combat. These Black Confederates included both slave and free. The Confederate Congress did not approve blacks to be officially enlisted as soldiers (except as musicians), until late in the war. But in the ranks it was a different story. Many Confederate officers did not obey the mandates of politicians, they frequently enlisted blacks with the simple criteria, “Will you fight?” Historian Ervin Jordan, explains that “biracial units” were frequently organized “by local Confederate and State militia Commanders in response to immediate threats in the form of Union raids…”. Dr. Leonard Haynes, a African-American professor at Southern University, stated, “When you eliminate the black Confederate soldier, you’ve eliminated the history of the South.”

As the war came to an end, the Confederacy took progressive measures to build back up it's army. The creation of the Confederate States Colored Troops, copied after the segregated northern colored troops, came too late to be successful. Had the Confederacy been successful, it would have created the world's largest armies (at the time) consisting of black soldiers, even larger than that of the North. This would have given the future of the Confederacy a vastly different appearance than what modern day racist or anti-Confederate liberals conjecture. Not only did Jefferson Davis envision black Confederate veterans receiving bounty lands for their service, there would have been no future for slavery after the goal of 300,000 armed black CSA veterans came home after the war.

1. The "Richmond Howitzers" were partially manned by black militiamen. They saw action at 1st Manassas (or 1st Battle of Bull Run) where they operated battery no. 2. In addition two black “regiments,”one free and one slave, participated in the battle on behalf of the South. “Many colored people were killed in the action”, recorded John Parker, a former slave.

2. At least one Black Confederate was a non-commissioned officer. James Washington, Co. D 34th Texas Cavalry, “Terrell’s Texas Cavalry” became it’s 3rd Sergeant. In comparison, The highest ranking Black Union soldier during the war was a Sergeant Major.

3. Free black musicians, cooks, soldiers and teamsters earned the same pay as white confederate privates. This was not the case in the Union army where blacks did not receive equal pay. At the Confederate Buffalo Forge in Rockbridge County, Virginia, skilled black workers "earned on average three times the wages of white Confederate soldiers and more than most Confederate army officers ($350- $600 a year).

4. Dr. Lewis Steiner, Chief Inspector of the United States Sanitary Commission while observing Gen. "Stonewall" Jackson's occupation of Frederick, Maryland, in 1862: "Over 3,000 Negroes must be included in this number [Confederate troops]. These were clad in all kinds of uniforms, not only in cast-off or captured United States uniforms, but in coats with Southern buttons, State buttons, etc. These were shabby, but not shabbier or seedier than those worn by white men in the rebel ranks. Most of the Negroes had arms, rifles, muskets, sabers, bowie-knives, dirks, etc.....and were manifestly an integral portion of the Southern Confederate Army."

5. Frederick Douglas reported, “There are at the present moment many Colored men in the Confederate Army doing duty not only as cooks, servants and laborers, but real soldiers, having musket on their shoulders, and bullets in their pockets, ready to shoot down any loyal troops and do all that soldiers may do to destroy the Federal government and build up that of the…rebels.”

6. Black and white militiamen returned heavy fire on Union troops at the Battle of Griswoldsville (near Macon, GA). Approximately 600 boys and elderly men were killed in this skirmish.

7. In 1864, President Jefferson Davis approved a plan that proposed the emancipation of slaves, in return for the official recognition of the Confederacy by Britain and France. France showed interest but Britain refused.

8. The Jackson Battalion included two companies of black soldiers. They saw combat at Petersburg under Col. Shipp. "My men acted with utmost promptness and goodwill...Allow me to state sir that they behaved in an extraordinary acceptable manner."

9. Recently the National Park Service, with a recent discovery, recognized that blacks were asked to help defend the city of Petersburg, Virginia and were offered their freedom if they did so. Regardless of their official classification, black Americans performed support functions that in today's army many would be classified as official military service. The successes of white Confederate troops in battle, could only have been achieved with the support these loyal black Southerners.

10. Confederate General John B. Gordon (Army of Northern Virginia) reported that all of his troops were in favor of Colored troops and that it’s adoption would have “greatly encouraged the army.” Gen. Lee was anxious to receive regiments of black soldiers. The Richmond Sentinel reported on 24 Mar 1864, “None…will deny that our servants are more worthy of respect than the motley hordes which come against us.” “Bad faith [to black Confederates] must be avoided as an indelible dishonor.”

11. In March 1865, Judah P. Benjamin, Confederate Secretary Of State, promised freedom for blacks who served from the State of Virginia. Authority for this was finally received from the State of Virginia and on April 1st 1865, $100 bounties were offered to black soldiers. Benjamin exclaimed, “Let us say to every Negro who wants to go into the ranks, go and fight, and you are free…Fight for your masters and you shall have your freedom.” Confederate Officers were ordered to treat them humanely and protect them from "injustice and oppression."

12. A quota was set for 300,000 black soldiers for the Confederate States Colored Troops. 83% of Richmond's male slave population volunteered for duty. A special ball was held in Richmond to raise money for uniforms for these men. Before Richmond fell, black Confederates in gray uniforms drilled in the streets. Due to the war ending, it is believed only companies or squads of these troops ever saw any action. Many more black soldiers fought for the North, but that difference was simply a difference because the North instituted this progressive policy more sooner than the more conservative South. Black soldiers from both sides received discrimination from whites who opposed the concept.

13. Union General U.S. Grant in Feb 1865, ordered the capture of “all the Negro men… before the enemy can put them in their ranks.” Frederick Douglas warned Lincoln that unless slaves were guaranteed freedom (those in Union controlled areas were still slaves) and land bounties, “they would take up arms for the rebels.”

14. On April 4, 1865 (Amelia County, VA), a Confederate supply train was exclusively manned and guarded by black Infantry. When attacked by Federal Cavalry, they stood their ground and fought off the charge, but on the second charge they were overwhelmed. These soldiers are believed to be from "Major Turner's" Confederate command.

15. A Black Confederate, George _____, when captured by Federals was bribed to desert to the other side. He defiantly spoke, "Sir, you want me to desert, and I ain't no deserter. Down South, deserters disgrace their families and I am never going to do that."

16. Former slave, Horace King, accumulated great wealth as a contractor to the Confederate Navy. He was also an expert engineer and became known as the “Bridge builder of the Confederacy.” One of his bridges was burned in a Yankee raid. His home was pillaged by Union troops, as his wife pleaded for mercy.

17. As of Feb. 1865 1,150 black seamen served in the Confederate Navy. One of these was among the last Confederates to surrender, aboard the CSS Shenandoah, six months after the war ended. This surrender took place in England.

18. Nearly 180,000 Black Southerners, from Virginia alone, provided logistical support for the Confederate military. Many were highly skilled workers. These included a wide range of jobs: nurses, military engineers, teamsters, ordnance department workers, brakemen, firemen, harness makers, blacksmiths, wagonmakers, boatmen, mechanics, wheelwrights, ect. In the 1920'S Confederate pensions were finally allowed to some of those workers that were still living. Many thousands more served in other Confederate States.

19. During the early 1900’s, many members of the United Confederate Veterans (UCV) advocated awarding former slaves rural acreage and a home. There was hope that justice could be given those slaves that were once promised “forty acres and a mule” but never received any. In the 1913 Confederate Veteran magazine published by the UCV, it was printed that this plan “If not Democratic, it is [the] Confederate” thing to do. There was much gratitude toward former slaves, which “thousands were loyal, to the last degree,” now living with total poverty of the big cities. Unfortunately, their proposal fell on deaf ears on Capitol Hill.

20. During the 50th Anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg in 1913, arrangements were made for a joint reunion of Union and Confederate veterans. The commission in charge of the event made sure they had enough accommodations for the black Union veterans, but were completely surprised when unexpected black Confederates arrived. The white Confederates immediately welcomed their old comrades, gave them one of their tents, and “saw to their every need.” Nearly every Confederate reunion including those blacks that served with them, wearing the gray.

21. The first military monument in the US Capitol that honors an African-American soldier is the Confederate monument at Arlington National cemetery. The monument was designed 1914 by Moses Ezekiel, a Jewish Confederate. Who wanted to correctly portray the “racial makeup” in the Confederate Army. A black Confederate soldier is depicted marching in step with white Confederate soldiers. Also shown is one “white soldier giving his child to a black woman for protection.” - source: Edward Smith, African American professor at the American University, Washington DC.

22. Black Confederate heritage is beginning to receive the attention it deserves. For instance, Terri Williams, a black journalist for the Suffolk “Virginia Pilot” newspaper, writes: “I’ve had to re-examine my feelings toward the [Confederate] flag…It started when I read a newspaper article about an elderly black man whose ancestor worked with the Confederate forces. The man spoke with pride about his family member’s contribution to the cause, was photographed with the [Confederate] flag draped over his lap…that’s why I now have no definite stand on just what the flag symbolizes, because it no longer is their history, or my history, but our history.”

SOURCE
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Muad Dib · Sep 1, 2011

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Muad Dib · Sep 1, 2011

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Ramen · Sep 1, 2011

I voted for Lincoln because I didn't want to be labeled as a racist.

Muad Dib · Sep 1, 2011

Bulldog said: ↑

Muad Dib said: ↑

Dayton3 said: ↑

I don't know why anyone would be singing the praises of the south given that they managed to lose the war despite all those noble white men fighting for their homes and independence, assisted by the happy black soldiers who were so enthusiastic to save the homes of their "massahs".

I'm wondering also if black people were so happy in the south why millions moved from the south to the north in the decades after the Civil War. The largest emigration the United States ever saw.
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The South lost because they were outgunned, outmanned, and out-supplied. An under supplied army of 800,000 men is going to have a hard time against a well supplied army of 2,000,000 men.

You might try learning a little about Reconstruction. Heck! You might even try learning.
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It's amazing the South was able to hold out as long as they did. Chalk that up to inept northern leadership and superior southern generals. If any Union general had a brain in their head, the war would have been over in 1862.
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The South had a strong tradition of military training. It was fairly customary for Southern men to go to military academies and colleges. A lot of them were West Point graduates.

Muad Dib · Sep 1, 2011

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Muad Dib · Sep 1, 2011

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Muad Dib · Sep 1, 2011

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Muad Dib · Sep 1, 2011

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Muad Dib · Sep 1, 2011

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Muad Dib · Sep 1, 2011

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Demiurge · Sep 1, 2011

Muad Dib said: ↑

Demiurge said: ↑

Muad Dib said: ↑

You can't "disprove" a documented fact.
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Where's the 10% figure you threw out?

Let's see, most sources put the total number of Confederate soldiers somewhere around 1 million men over the course of the war.

So you should be able to find documented accounts of 100,000 black Confederate soldiers. Not impressed slaves working at the behest of their masters, but actual soldiers.

Don't worry. I'll wait.

Just like last time.

And the time before.

Your site doesn't scratch the surface of that number.

Full of shit.

Just like last time.

And the time before.
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The Confederate army was about 800,000 men. Historians say there were 60,000 - 96,000 blacks who served, and one source I've read says possibly as many as 150,000 men.

You do the math. Even if it's in the Red Room.

I'll wait.
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Sources that have been repudiated time and time again. Who says so? The Confederates themselves. Here's the longest serving state Governor in the Confederacy, Joeseph E. Brown, citing that it was the purest folly to let the slaves enlist - in March of 1865, less than three weeks before the fall of Richmond.

Arming the Slaves

The [Jefferson Davis] administration, by its unfortunate policy, having wasted our strength and reduced our armies, and being unable to get free men into the field as conscripts, and unwilling to accept them in organizations with officers of their own choice, will, it is believed, soon resort to the policy of filling them up by the conscription of slaves.

I am satisfied that we may profitably use slave labor, so far as it can be spared from agriculture, to do menial service in connection with the army, and thereby enable more free white men to take up arms; but I am quite sure that any attempt to arm slaves will be a great error. If we expect to continue the war successfully, we are obliged to have the labor of most of them in the production of provisions.

But if this difficulty were surmounted, we cannot rely on them as soldiers, They are now quietly serving us at home, because they do not wish to go into the army, and they fear, if they leave us, the enemy will put them there. If we compel them to take up arms, their whole feeling and conduct will change, and they will leave us by the thousands. A single proclamation by President Lincoln – that all who will desert us after they are forced into service, and go over to him, shall have their freedom, be taken out of the army, and be permitted to go into the country in his possession, and receive wages for their labor – would disband them by brigades. Whatever may be our opinion of their normal condition or their true interest, we can not expect them if they remain with us, to perform deeds of heroic valor when they are fighting to continue the enslavement of their wives and children. It is not reasonable for us to demand it of them, and we have little cause to expect the blessing of Heaven upon our effort if we compel them to perform such a task.

If we are right, and Providence designed them for slavery, He did not intend that they should be a military people. Whenever we establish the fact that they are a military race, we destroy our whole theory that they are unfit to be free.

But it is said we should give them their freedom in case of their fidelity to our cause in the field; in other words, that we should give up slavery, as well as our personal liberty and State sovereignty, for independence, and should set all our slaves free if they will aid us to achieve it. If we are ready to give up slavery, I am satisfied we can make it the consideration for a better trade than to give it for the uncertain aid which they might afford us in the military field. When we arm the slaves, we abandon slavery. We can never again govern them as slaves, and make the institution profitable to ourselves or to them, after tens of thousands of them have been taught the use of arms, and spent years in the indolent indulgences of camp life.
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http://deadconfederates.wordpress.com/2011/06/30/when-we-arm-the-slaves-we-abandon-slavery/

So we know that they were not in any numbers in the armed forces that would deter a discussion of starting to BRING them into the armed forces just a few weeks before the end of the war.

Hell, even the number of Confederate soldiers stated as 800,000 is wrong - there is no explicitly stated number, with scholarly opinion ranging from 500 thousand to 2 million.

Here's a good link to a talk on the historical record of the plans to arm the black soldiers. It, like all credible historians, cites no large scale enlistment of blacks in the Confederate Army:
http://www.moc.org/site/DocServer/Microsoft_Word_-_Durden_Lecture_Summary1.pdf?docID=882

Muad Dib · Sep 1, 2011

LINK

Muad Dib · Sep 1, 2011

Demiurge said: ↑

Muad Dib said: ↑

Demiurge said: ↑

Muad Dib said: ↑

You can't "disprove" a documented fact.
Click to expand...

Where's the 10% figure you threw out?

Let's see, most sources put the total number of Confederate soldiers somewhere around 1 million men over the course of the war.

So you should be able to find documented accounts of 100,000 black Confederate soldiers. Not impressed slaves working at the behest of their masters, but actual soldiers.

Don't worry. I'll wait.

Just like last time.

And the time before.

Your site doesn't scratch the surface of that number.

Full of shit.

Just like last time.

And the time before.
Click to expand...

The Confederate army was about 800,000 men. Historians say there were 60,000 - 96,000 blacks who served, and one source I've read says possibly as many as 150,000 men.

You do the math. Even if it's in the Red Room.

I'll wait.
Click to expand...

Sources that have been repudiated time and time again. Who says so? The Confederates themselves. Here's the longest serving state Governor in the Confederacy, Joeseph E. Brown, citing that it was the purest folly to let the slaves enlist - in March of 1865, less than three weeks before the fall of Richmond.

Arming the Slaves

The [Jefferson Davis] administration, by its unfortunate policy, having wasted our strength and reduced our armies, and being unable to get free men into the field as conscripts, and unwilling to accept them in organizations with officers of their own choice, will, it is believed, soon resort to the policy of filling them up by the conscription of slaves.

I am satisfied that we may profitably use slave labor, so far as it can be spared from agriculture, to do menial service in connection with the army, and thereby enable more free white men to take up arms; but I am quite sure that any attempt to arm slaves will be a great error. If we expect to continue the war successfully, we are obliged to have the labor of most of them in the production of provisions.

But if this difficulty were surmounted, we cannot rely on them as soldiers, They are now quietly serving us at home, because they do not wish to go into the army, and they fear, if they leave us, the enemy will put them there. If we compel them to take up arms, their whole feeling and conduct will change, and they will leave us by the thousands. A single proclamation by President Lincoln – that all who will desert us after they are forced into service, and go over to him, shall have their freedom, be taken out of the army, and be permitted to go into the country in his possession, and receive wages for their labor – would disband them by brigades. Whatever may be our opinion of their normal condition or their true interest, we can not expect them if they remain with us, to perform deeds of heroic valor when they are fighting to continue the enslavement of their wives and children. It is not reasonable for us to demand it of them, and we have little cause to expect the blessing of Heaven upon our effort if we compel them to perform such a task.

If we are right, and Providence designed them for slavery, He did not intend that they should be a military people. Whenever we establish the fact that they are a military race, we destroy our whole theory that they are unfit to be free.

But it is said we should give them their freedom in case of their fidelity to our cause in the field; in other words, that we should give up slavery, as well as our personal liberty and State sovereignty, for independence, and should set all our slaves free if they will aid us to achieve it. If we are ready to give up slavery, I am satisfied we can make it the consideration for a better trade than to give it for the uncertain aid which they might afford us in the military field. When we arm the slaves, we abandon slavery. We can never again govern them as slaves, and make the institution profitable to ourselves or to them, after tens of thousands of them have been taught the use of arms, and spent years in the indolent indulgences of camp life.
Click to expand...

http://deadconfederates.wordpress.com/2011/06/30/when-we-arm-the-slaves-we-abandon-slavery/

So we know that they were not in any numbers in the armed forces that would deter a discussion of starting to BRING them into the armed forces just a few weeks before the end of the war.

Hell, even the number of Confederate soldiers stated as 800,000 is wrong - there is no explicitly stated number, with scholarly opinion ranging from 500 thousand to 2 million.

Here's a good link to a talk on the historical record of the plans to arm the black soldiers. It, like all credible historians, cites no large scale enlistment of blacks in the Confederate Army:
http://www.moc.org/site/DocServer/Microsoft_Word_-_Durden_Lecture_Summary1.pdf?docID=882
Click to expand...

They weren't allowed to serve in the national army until just before the end. However, most of the Confederate army was made up of State Militias, where they were allowed to serve.

Try again.

Muad Dib · Sep 1, 2011

Ramen said: ↑

I voted for Lincoln because I didn't want to be labeled as a racist.
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Muad Dib · Sep 1, 2011

LINK

Muad Dib · Sep 1, 2011

Sorry, Demi, but history is against you on this one.

But in your defense, there was a time when I was shocked to learn about the Black Confederates. It goes against everything we've been taught in the public schools and told in the various media.

I think therein lies a clue.

Muad Dib · Sep 1, 2011

Oh, and if these 269 Black Confederates who received pensions from the state of Tennessee didn't actually serve in the military, I demand reparations.

Demiurge · Sep 1, 2011

Cute links.

Here's one from an actual historian.

http://www.moc.org/site/DocServer/Microsoft_Word_-_Durden_Lecture_Summary1.pdf?docID=882

The people that ran the Confederacy didn't seem to know they had a massive army of Black soldiers fighting for them. Secretary of War Sedon dismissed non-whites explicitly as late as November 1864. Gen. Johnston in a private later to one of his friends stated they could never keep the impressed negro laborers when near a Union army because they would desert.

To put in perspective, your 60K soldiers assertion (which has no citation itself and is not made by a historian) would approximate the Lee's entire army at Antietam.

Muad Dib · Sep 1, 2011

Demiurge said: ↑

Cute links.

Here's one from an actual historian.

http://www.moc.org/site/DocServer/Microsoft_Word_-_Durden_Lecture_Summary1.pdf?docID=882

The people that ran the Confederacy didn't seem to know they had a massive army of Black soldiers fighting for them. Secretary of War Sedon dismissed non-whites explicitly as late as November 1864. Gen. Johnston in a private later to one of his friends stated they could never keep the impressed negro laborers when near a Union army because they would desert.

To put in perspective, your 60K soldiers assertion (which has no citation itself and is not made by a historian) would approximate the Lee's entire army at Antietam.
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You didn't read any of them, did you?

Demiurge · Sep 1, 2011

Muad Dib said: ↑

They weren't allowed to serve in the national army until just before the end. However, most of the Confederate army was made up of State Militias, where they were allowed to serve.

Try again.
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No surprise that you aren't listening.

"The small body of black soldiers raised in Richmond in the weeks before defeat were the first and only black soldiers used by our side"
-- CSA Major George Campbell Brown, aide to Gen Richard Ewell

Responding to the Northern rumors of slave troops in the Confederacy:
"This is utterly untrue," he wrote in his diary. "We have no armed slaves to fight for us."
--- A Rebel war clerk's diary at the Confederate States capital, Volume 1,
John Beauchamp Jones, aide to Secretary of War Seddon

Confederate Secretary of War James Seddon confirmed that "No slaves have been employed by the Government except as cooks or nurses in hospitals and for labor."

Clearly a bunch of Union apologists, these.

Muad Dib · Sep 1, 2011

Demiurge said: ↑

Muad Dib said: ↑

They weren't allowed to serve in the national army until just before the end. However, most of the Confederate army was made up of State Militias, where they were allowed to serve.

Try again.
Click to expand...

No surprise that you aren't listening.

"The small body of black soldiers raised in Richmond in the weeks before defeat were the first and only black soldiers used by our side"
-- CSA Major George Campbell Brown, aide to Gen Richard Ewell

Responding to the Northern rumors of slave troops in the Confederacy:
"This is utterly untrue," he wrote in his diary. "We have no armed slaves to fight for us."
--- A Rebel war clerk's diary at the Confederate States capital, Volume 1,
John Beauchamp Jones, aide to Secretary of War Seddon

Confederate Secretary of War James Seddon confirmed that "No slaves have been employed by the Government except as cooks or nurses in hospitals and for labor."

Clearly a bunch of Union apologists, these.
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LINK

Demiurge · Sep 1, 2011

Muad Dib said: ↑

You didn't read any of them, did you?
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Sure I did. I noted that almost none of them had letters next to their names indicating degrees first and foremost.

The lecture I linked to is by Dr. Bruce Levine. He's considered the foremost authority on this issue, having written the definitive work, Confederate Emancipation: Southern Plans to Free and Arm Slaves during the Civil War.

Amazon's site:
http://www.amazon.com/Confederate-Emancipation-Southern-Slaves-during/dp/0195315863

Reviews of the work:

"A deeply researched, crisply written, and exceptionally cogent investigation of Confederate emancipation. Levine transforms the topic from a historical curiosity into a revealing and essential chapter in the Civil War."--W. Fitzhugh Brundage, Civil War Book Review

"Confederate Emancipation will serve as the classic work on the arm and emancipate proposal and an essential account in Civil War historiography."--Jennifer M. Murray, Southern Historian

"A major contribution to the field and should spark renewed scholarship concerning black soldiers, white southern unity, and Confederate nationalism."--Philip D. Dillard, The Journal of Southern History

"Remarkably concise and lucid.... Confederate Emancipation is a first-rate history. It is the latest word and the most authoritative source on this intriguing slice of American History."--Fred C. Smith, The Journal of Mississippi History

"Brilliantly researched and persuasively argued.... Levine delivers what ought to be a death blow to the still-popular refrain in Lost Cause rhetoric that the war had never been fought for slavery."--David W. Blight, Washington Post Book World

"Thoughtful, authoritative, and convincing.... No one since Robert F. Durden has examined this broader issue with the kind of systematic and detailed attention that Bruce Levine provides in this slim but elegant book."--Civil War Times

Muad Dib · Sep 1, 2011

Evidently, you didn't note "Vernon R. Padgett, Ph.D".

Demiurge · Sep 1, 2011

Muad Dib said: ↑

LINK
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You aren't a particularly good vetter of information, are you?

Yes, the gentleman you posted on the world renown "Dixie Outfitters" website has a Ph.D.

In psychology.

http://www.riohondo.edu/socsci/psychology/faculty.htm

At Rio Hondo Community College.

He's not a historian.

Caboose · Sep 1, 2011

Dayton3 said: ↑

That said, I don't know why people blame Lincoln for starting the Civil War. The south fired the first shots.
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Really?

We need a MD signal.

Demiurge · Sep 1, 2011

In contrast, Professor Levine's curriculum vitae actually has some things about the civil war in it:

Areas of Specialization
The Civil War era; 19th century U.S. social, economic, cultural, and political

Education
Ph.D., University of Rochester, 1980
B.A., University of Michigan, 1971
M.A., University of Rochester, 1973
Distinctions / Awards
Excellence in Teaching Award, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1998-99
2007 Peter Seaborg Award for Civil War Scholarship
Publications
Books
The Fall of the House of Dixie: The Confederacy’s Defeat and Slavery’s Destruction. . New York: Random House, 2012.
Confederate Emancipation: Southern Plans to Free and Arm Slaves during the Civil War. . New York: Oxford University Press, 2005.
Half Slave & Half Free: The Roots of Civil War (2d edition). . New York: Hill & Wang, 2005.
The Spirit of 1848: German Immigrants, Labor Conflict, and the Coming of the Civil War. . Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1992.
Who Built America? Working People and the Nation's Economy, Politics, Culture & Society. 1st ed. (co-author). . New York: Pantheon Books, 1992.
Work and Society: A Reader (co-editor). . Detroit: Wayne State University, 1977.

Book Contributions

"Black Confederates and Neo-Confederates: In Search of a Usable Past." Race, Slavery and Public History: The Tough Stuff of American Memory. . Ed. James and Lois Horton. The New Press: New York, 2006.

"Horatio Alger in the Cotton Fields? Herbert Gutman and the Debate over Slave Consciousness." Introduction. Herbert G. Gutman, Slavery and the Numbers Game: A Critique of Time on the Cross (2d ed.). . Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2003.

"On Capitalism, Modernity, and Backwardness." Afterword. The American South and the Italian Mezzogiorno: Essays in Comparative History. . London: Palgrave, 2001.
Journal Articles
"'The Vital Element in the Republican Party': Antislavery, Nativism, and Abraham Lincoln." Journal of the Civil War Era 1 (2011):
"Conservatism, Nativism, and Slavery: Thomas R. Whitney and the Origins of the Know Nothing Party." Journal of American History 88 (2001): 455-488.

http://www.history.illinois.edu/people/blevine3

On the award he received for the book on this subject:

Levine Wins Seaborg Award
Bruce Levine’s Confederate Emancipation: Southern Plans to Free and Arm Slaves during the Civil War (2005) has won the the Peter Seaborg Book Award, which “recognizes outstanding Civil War scholarship. Entries are judged on originality of approach or subject, effectiveness of presentation, historical accuracy, and degree of contribution to the field of knowledge.” The award was previously administered by Louisiana State University. It’s now administered by the George Tyler Moore Center for the Study of the Civil War at Shepherd College, West Virginia.

Bruce holds the James G. Randall Chair at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

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